对卡拉OK收取版权使用费：按包间还是按点播？

——版权特别费与数字权利管理之间的冲突和选择

摘要：

2006年国家版权局公告了卡拉OK经营行业版权使用费收费标准，但是如何对卡拉OK经营行业收取版权使用费在版权人组织和卡拉OK经营行业协会之间产生了较大的分歧，主要分歧是按包间还是按点播来收取版权使用费；按包间收取版权使用费的性质与欧洲等国家在上个世纪采纳的版权特别费制度很相似，而按点播收取版权使用费是在数字技术环境下的一种数字权利管理制度，即DRM；在欧盟以及一些成员国有放弃版权特别费制度而推广数字权利管理制度的明显倾向，因此我国在卡拉OK收费的方式问题上似乎应该鼓励点播收费模式，放弃按包间收费模式。

关键词：版权、版权特别费、数字权利管理

Abstract

The Copyright Administration of China issued the standard of copyright licensing fee for Kara OK enterprises; but the big divergence still exist between the copyright collective organizations and the association of Kara OK enterprises on the way of calculating and collecting the licensing fee, that is, based on the pay-by-boxes or the pay-by-requests; the pay-by-boxes is quite similar to the system of levy which has been widely adopted in the European countries in the last century; the pay-by-requests is a kind of digital right management system in the digital technology environment, i.e. DRM; there is obvious trend of abandoning levy system and promoting DRM system in the EU and some member states; therefore, for collecting licensing fee of Kara OK enterprises, maybe it is wise to encourage pay-by-requests but not pay-by-boxes.

Key words: copyright, levy, DRM